Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: Low HDL cholesterol is associated with elevated TNFR1 and TNFR2 levels in early diabetic kidney disease

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1716843

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of serum TNFR1 and TNFR2 levels across study groups. Serum concentrations of (A) TNFR1 and (B) TNFR2 were measured by ELISA in HC (n=100), T2DM patients with NA (n=135), and T2DM patients with MA (n=123). Individual data points are shown, with horizontal lines representing the mean ± SD. Differences among the three groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction. In subplot A, while TNFR1 levels showed an increasing trend in the NA group, the difference compared to HC was not statistically significant ( p = 0.068). In subplot B, TNFR2 was significantly elevated even in the NA stage compared to HC. HC, healthy controls; NA, normoalbuminuria; MA, microalbuminuria; TNFR1, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1; TNFR2, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2. Significance: **** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Serum TNFR1 and TNFR2 levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Wuhan Boster Biological Engineering, Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Comparison, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Article Title: Antiviral effect of fufang yinhua jiedu (FFYH) granules against influenza A virus through regulating the inflammatory responses by TLR7/MyD88 signaling pathway

doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114063

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo inhibitory effect of FFYH on the inflammatory factors, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IP10, and IL-1β caused by influenza a virus (H1N1). The concentration of inflammatory factors in mice sera were quantified with ELISA assays. ## p < 0.05, ### p < 0.01, compared with normal control group; ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, compared with the virus-infected group (n = 6).

Article Snippet: ELISA kit for examining TNF-α (EK0529), IL-6 (EK0411), IFN-γ(EK0375), IP-10 (EK0736) and IL-1β (EK0394) were obtained from Boster (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Virus, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Infection

Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Direct comparison of different therapeutic cell types susceptibility to inflammatory cytokines associated with COVID-19 acute lung injury

doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02699-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: GMP stem cell manufacturing and characterization . A Conceptual figure showing COVID-19 ARDS patient lung microenvironment and methodological approach utilized in the study: All three cell products (BM-MSCs, HDCs, & UC-MSCs) were prepared to the clinical-grade standards in the cell manufacturing facility. Using COVID-19 clinical literature survey and flow cytometry cytokine receptor expression profile, five COVID-19 ARDS related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α) were selected for experimentation in the current study. Followed by an assessment of individual cytokine dose response on cell viability, the impact of cytokine cocktail containing all five cytokines at clinically relevant doses on paracrine output (extracellular vesicle production) and cell viability of three cell types was evaluated. All experiments were conducted at hypoxia (1% oxygen) for 48-h to simulate transplanted cell residence in hypoxic COVID-19 ARDS lung microenvironment. B Flow cytometry analysis showed BM-MSCs & UC-MSCs were positive for markers of mesenchymal stromal cell origin (CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166, and CD44) and negative for markers of hematopoietic cell origin (CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR). C qPCR showed IFN-γ treatment for 24-h induces IDO-gene expression in all three cell types (GAPDH was used as a reference gene). D Colorimetric assay showed Tissue factor activity of all three cell types was found to be similar. E qPCR showed none of the cell types express ACE2 (ΔCq values < -20 when normalized to reference gene, GAPDH). All data are presented as individual and mean values ± SEM, n = 3 biological replicates; each circle represents one data point from one unique biological replicate

Article Snippet: BM-MSCs, HDCs and UC-MSCs were stained with anti-human IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1, SC-393998FITC, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), IL-2 receptor (IL-2R, 339009, Biolegend), IL-6 receptor (IL-6R, 46-1269-42, ThermoFisher Scientific), IL-8 receptor (IL-8RA, 320622, Biolegend), IL-10 receptor (IL-10R, 308811, Biolegend), and TNF-α receptor 1 (TNFR1, MBS1800669, MyBiosource) antibodies at predetermined optimal dilutions.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Gene Expression, Colorimetric Assay, Activity Assay